Emily Dickinson: Life And Her Works :: essays research papers

Emily Dickinson Life and Her WorksEmily Dickinson made a large influence on poetry, she is known as ane ofAmericas most famous poets. With close to two thousand different poems and onethousand of her letters to her friends that survived her death Emily Dickinsonshowed that she was a sincerely yours dedicated writer.Emily Dickinson was born in Amherst, Massachusetts on December 10,1830to a prominent family, her father Edward Dickinson was both a lawyer and theTreasurer of Amherst College. Emilys mother was Emily Norcross Dickinson.Emily had one older brother, William Austin and a little sister, Lavinia. Shewas educated at the Amerherst Academy, the institute that her grandfather helpedfound. She also spent a year at Mount Holyoke effeminate Seminary in South Hadley, exclusively had left because she did not like the religious environment. For a woman ofthis time, this much education was very rare.1Emily Dickinson was a very rich person as she got older she becamemore and more recl usive too the point that by her thirties, she would not leaveher house and would withdraw from visitors. Emily was known to discombobulate fruit andtreats to children by lowering them out her window in a basket with a rope toavoid actually seeing them face to face. She authentic a reputation as a myth,because she was almost never seen and when people did catch a glimpse of her shewas always wearing white. Emily Dickinson never got married but is thought tohave had a relationship with Reverend Charles Wadsworth who she met in thespring of 1854 in Philadelphia. He was a famous preacher and was married. Manyscholars believe that he was the subject of her love poems. Emily probably onlysaw Wadsworth an additional three times after their first encounter which wasonly done by him vent to Amherst, where she lived. In 1861 Wadsworth moved toSan Francisco. It is after this time that Emily really started to producehundreds of poems. Emily Dickinson submitted very few poems to publishers.Sh e felt that her poetry was not good enough to be testify by everyone. Eight ofher poems were published during her life time either by her friends whosubmitted them to a publisher without her consent or Emily Anonymously. (EmilyDickinson 1996,1)In 1862 she told a friend "If fame belonged to me I could not escapeher...My Barefoot-Rank is better."It is also thought that Emily Dickinson had a passionate relationshipwith Susan Gilbert. Emily wrote three times more poems to Susan then to any one

Community Service Gives Purpose to My Life :: Community Service Essays

During my last year of high schooltime, I was looking for something productive to do. I didnt know many people because I had just locomote to town and everything was new to me. Searching for opportunities to get involved and make new friends I decided it would be a good idea to make an engagement with my student counselor and discuss what was available for me to do. While speaking with my high school counselor, she asked if I had an interest in performing connection service. She then explained the advantages of federation service, yet I wondered to myself, what can volunteering teach me and why would I not be paid for doing work?.I began to investigate organizations where I could perform community service. I soon discovered the Hispanic Cultural Center , I straight became interested because I am Hispanic myself and I thought it would be nice to learn some more than about my culture and meet more people. I make a call for an interview, and I committed myself to jump as soon as possible. As the school year began to unravel I knew it would be difficult to spend my afterwardnoons helping because of all the homework and assignments I had to do in order to pass all of my classes. For a second I doubted I could handle school and volunteering, but I embraced the risks and proceeded to do some(prenominal). My volunteering hours consisted of deathless office work, organization of events and decorating. I wantd it, it was something I enjoyed doing and I felt sufficient of doing. I didnt know this until later but doing all these things do me realize that at the same time I was on the job(p) I was having fun, after all, volunteering was teaching me a lesson.One day during November the lady I was working with and I went out to get dejeuner, we had become good friends and she seemed to enjoy my company. As we were having lunch and talking about different subjects she said she was thankful for people like me, I didnt understand what she had just said but I kn ew it had made an impact in me. I felt proud of her words but I didnt know why, until I finally decided to ask her when we were both in silence. The question escaped my mouth before I had evaluate or formulated what I had meant to ask. fraternity Service Gives Purpose to My Life Community Service EssaysDuring my last year of high school, I was looking for something productive to do. I didnt know many people because I had just moved to town and everything was new to me. Searching for opportunities to get involved and make new friends I decided it would be a good idea to make an appointment with my student counselor and discuss what was available for me to do. While speaking with my high school counselor, she asked if I had an interest in performing community service. She then explained the advantages of community service, but I wondered to myself, what can volunteering teach me and why would I not be paid for doing work?.I began to investigate organizations where I could perform community service. I soon discovered the Hispanic Cultural Center , I immediately became interested because I am Hispanic myself and I thought it would be nice to learn some more about my culture and meet more people. I made a call for an interview, and I committed myself to begin as soon as possible. As the school year began to unravel I knew it would be difficult to spend my afternoons helping because of all the homework and assignments I had to do in order to pass all of my classes. For a second I doubted I could handle school and volunteering, but I embraced the risks and proceeded to do both. My volunteering hours consisted of endless office work, organization of events and decorating. I liked it, it was something I enjoyed doing and I felt competent of doing. I didnt know this until later but doing all these things made me realize that at the same time I was working I was having fun, after all, volunteering was teaching me a lesson.One day during November the lady I was worki ng with and I went out to get lunch, we had become good friends and she seemed to enjoy my company. As we were having lunch and talking about different subjects she said she was thankful for people like me, I didnt understand what she had just said but I knew it had made an impact in me. I felt proud of her words but I didnt know why, until I finally decided to ask her when we were both in silence. The question escaped my mouth before I had anticipated or formulated what I had meant to ask.

Security on the Internet Essay example -- essays research papers

Security on the profitTodays information is highly interconnected by the internet. With this interconnection of computer systems through the internet comes computer crime. time out into computer systems, damaging information, and stealing information, more commonly known as hacking, has become extremely common on the internet. As hacking becomes more frequent, and as both(prenominal) would say, more of a problem, should we consider hacking a criminal activity? Information from across the man is stored on computer systems-most of which are connected, entanglemented, to other computer systems through the internet. In the ideal situation, this interconnection of information enables others from outside a specific computer network to access that specific computer network and its information. (Amoroso, 2003) This has created a world in which information is extremely important and extremely easy to access, which in turn has created a government, business, and personal society that is dependant on and successful from the networked information. simply this network also has its drawbacks. Besides enabling people who need to use the information for legitimate business or personal use to gain access, the network also-often unknowingly-enables unauthorized people to gain access to the information in one way or another, no matter what kind of network security they defecate implemented. Gaining access to a computer system that does not intentionally allow you access is called hacking.Microsofts Internet Explorer has its flaws, and criminal hackers cracker know it. In recent weeks, these evildoers have staged several swell up-orchestrated Internet Explorer attacks designed to steal your banking and credit card information. The result has been that you cant trust the internet. How will you know if a secure site is truly safe? Heres a look at whats wrong with internet security and what you can do to keep your data to a lower place lock and key. That issue is not the on ly one, but several flaws are contained within internet. Some well known and some not so well known so-called zero day attacks. All of the serious attacks also use tiny apps called keystroke-logging Trojan horses, which capture IDs, passwords, and credit card information as you type them. And all of the attacks so far happen without users even suspecting theres anything wrong. Elements of the Russian mafia coordinated a brilliant... ...more regulation comes more policing, and with more policing less exemption and privacy. Other non-hackers believe that hackers need to be caught and punished, but without taking away the freedom and privacy that the Internet offers now. They do not want the government or law enforcement to monitor the Internet. They only want better laws to prosecute the hackers after they are caught, and better ways of catching the hackers without infringing on the general publics security.ReferencesAmoroso, Edward. 2003 Fundamentals of Internet Security Technology Publisher P T R Prentice Hall. Cohen, Frederick B. 2004 Protection and Security on the Information Superhighway Publisher New York tush Wiley & Sons, Inc.Fream, Anne M. 2001 A Social Learning Theory Analysis of Computer Crime Among College Students Publisher Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency Schwartau, Winn. 2002 Information war Chaos on the Electronic Superhighway Publisher New York Thunders Mouth Press.Sullivan, A. 2005. Hackers arent just picking on Microsoft study. Retrieved May 2, 2005, from http//www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=domesticNews&storyID=8359040

Amelia Earhart :: essays research papers

Courage is the price that life exacts for bearing peace. The soul that knows it not, knows no red ink from little things. Knows not the vivid loneliness of fear nor mountain heights where bitter joy can hear the sound of wings. How can life grant us boon of living, compensate for dull gray ugliness and pregnant hate, unless we dare the souls dominion? Each time we make a choice, we pay with braveness to behold the restless day and count it fair." Those were the words of Amelia Earhart in a poem she wrote, entitled "Courage." Amelia Earhart knew a lot about courage. Even when faced with unaccepted odds, she always had the courage to try and overcome them. She had a never give up attitude that made her so attractive to the public and took the science alliance by surprise. Without that attitude, she would never have been invited to make her first flight across the Atlantic ocean on June 3rd 1928. Because she had the courage to be one of the alone women pilots at the t ime, she was invited by her future husband, George Putnam, to make the 20 hour 14 minute journey across the Atlantic. Although she was just a passenger on the flight, she was mute promoted to celebrity status for being the first woman to cross the Atlantic by plane. Although her fame was set with her first flight, she wanted to promote aviation in women. In 1929, she organized a cross-country air race for women pilots named "the Power Puff Derby." She also formed "the Ninety Nines" a now famous women pilots organization. In step-up to forming organizations for women pilots, she occupied her four year break from moveing with writing her first book, "20 hours, 40 minutes" on her first flight, became assistant to the general employment manager of TWA and served as vice president for public relations of the New York, Washington, and Philadelphia Airways. Amelia enjoyed public relations, but missed flying greatly during her four year sabatical. In 1932, no one else had ever flown solo over the Atlantic since Charles Lindberg, and Amelia set out to change that. On May 20th, 1932, exactly five years afterward Lindbergs flight, she set off for her 2nd journey across the Atlantic. She sucessfully completed her flight, breaking several records. She was the first woman to fly the Atlantic and the only person to fly it twice.

Interpretating the Title of A Midsummer Nights Dream :: A Midsummer Nights Dream, William Shakespeare

The title of respect of the play A Midsummer Nights Dream can create many interpretations. I will give you my thoughts on the relationship of the title to the different situations that take place in the play. These interpretations give cortical potential and overall pith to the thematic nature of Shakespeares work. Although I am only going to describe three interpretations of the title, there are many other meanings to the title. The first interpretation of the title of the play that comes to my mind was the magical dream-like night in the woods, when Robin Goodfellow and Oberon, the king of the fairies, used several kinds of love potions, and messed everything up. When the lovers awoke in the morning they thought all of the pitiful things that had happened or been said the night before had just all been a dream. However, if Oberon had been more specific in his directions to Robin, a sweet Athenian lady is in love with a disdainful youth. Anoint his kernels... thou shalt know the man by the Athenian garments he hath on, all of this could nurture been avoided and everything would have been fine (page 53). This gives insight to the thematic nature of the work by setting a magical like atmosphere for the lovers to be in. The second interpretation could be of the dream provide thought he had when Titania, the queen of the fairies, had fallen in love with him when he looked like an ass. He wasnt sure whether it was a dream or real because the eye of man hath not heard, the ear of man hath not seen, mans hand is not able to taste, his tongue to conceive, nor his heart to report what his dream was (page 135). The thematic nature of this is that there is no real explanation for love. Even Bottom himself said, Reason and love keep little company together nowadays (page 79). The third interpretation could have been that the entire play had been a dream. Shakespeare might have written down the play through the eyes of Robin Goodfellow. Since Robin was involved in more or less all the scenes, maybe he had just fallen asleep one day in the woods and dreamed up all this love and magic.

Cassius Clay - Muhammad Ali :: essays research papers

Cassius Clay better known as Muhammad Ali is by far the greatest boxer of alto pay offher time. "King of the World" by David Reminick is a truly detailed biography of Muhammad and good documentation how boxing used to be. The book takes you on a excursion behind the scenes of Allis rise to the top and boxing run in with La Costra Nostra.On an October afternoon in 1954 when Cassius was 12 he left his 60 dollar red Schwinn come out of the closetside the Columbia Auditorium to visit a bazaar. When he and his friends left he realizes that his new steering wheel was stolen. Cassius was in a tearing fad and some one(a) tell that there was a police officer in the basement of a boxing gym. He went in de earthding a statewide bike hunt and threatening to beat the hell out of whoever had stolen it. The officer Joe Martin asked Cassius if he could fight, and Cassius said no, so Martin invited him to come to the gym and learn how to box, so he could get pay back on the bicycle thi ef. This is the story of how Cassius first got interested and determined to become a great boxer. He to a fault showed determinations when he brought domicil and Olympic gold medal. He trained very hard for our country and did a really good job.Even back past he ran his trashed talked his opponents, the like in his first match he fought he one by a spit decision, after he found out he had one he shouted he would in short be "the greatest of all time". Know one knew at the time that his boasts would soon be the truth.Cassius emit has gotten him a lot of key matches in his career. He gained his first title shot form Sonny Liston this way. One of his famous quotes was "Im so mean I make medicine sick." He ran his mouth so often that people thought he ran his mouth salutary to psyche him self-out for the matches. That is said to be how he one all of his matches. Before the Liston fight he charted a bus around with signs that read "We all fill in Cassius Clay&qu ot, "Without Cassius the coarse-grained is dead "March on Listons camp." "BEAR HUNTIN."Cassius first heavy weight title shot was against Sonny Liston a very big man who would give Mike Tyson a good run for his money.Cassius Clay - Muhammad Ali essays research papers Cassius Clay better known as Muhammad Ali is by far the greatest boxer of all time. "King of the World" by David Reminick is a very detailed biography of Muhammad and good documentation how boxing used to be. The book takes you on a journey behind the scenes of Allis rise to the top and boxing run in with La Costra Nostra.On an October afternoon in 1954 when Cassius was 12 he left his 60 dollar red Schwinn outside the Columbia Auditorium to visit a bazaar. When he and his friends left he realizes that his new bike was stolen. Cassius was in a tearing rage and someone said that there was a police officer in the basement of a boxing gym. He went in demanding a statewide bike hunt and threate ning to beat the hell out of whoever had stolen it. The officer Joe Martin asked Cassius if he could fight, and Cassius said no, so Martin invited him to come to the gym and learn how to box, so he could get pay back on the bicycle thief. This is the story of how Cassius first got interested and determined to become a great boxer. He also showed determinations when he brought home and Olympic gold medal. He trained very hard for our country and did a really good job.Even back then he ran his trashed talked his opponents, like in his first match he fought he one by a spit decision, after he found out he had one he shouted he would soon be "the greatest of all time". Know one knew at the time that his boasts would soon be the truth.Cassius mouth has gotten him a lot of key matches in his career. He gained his first title shot form Sonny Liston this way. One of his famous quotes was "Im so mean I make medicine sick." He ran his mouth so often that people thought he ran his mouth just to psyche him self-out for the matches. That is said to be how he one all of his matches. Before the Liston fight he charted a bus around with signs that read "We all love Cassius Clay", "Without Cassius the game is dead "March on Listons camp." "BEAR HUNTIN."Cassius first heavy weight title shot was against Sonny Liston a very big man who would give Mike Tyson a good run for his money.

Caring for Children

For unit 8 you must put together a portfolio of query into a number of different topics as indicated by the headings below. The portfolio should include actual and relevant research, information and materials from a variety of sources, refer to child development and identify, where appropriate, the relevance of current legislation.The portfolio may include documents generated by means of different aspects of your work such as action plans, curriculum and routine plans, notes of activities, im mount ups, audio files, narrative accounts, media other than text, reports and presentations, leaflets, booklets, diaries and other suitable ways of showing research information and materials.Throughout the portfolio you should ensure that you address diversity and inclusive practice where appropriate for the task.You may use appropriate materials from this portfolio to contribute towards your external Research assessment task.Portfolio ContentE1 compare evidence which describes the role o f the practitioner in caring for children (Gather and present information about the role of the practitioner when caring for children. This could include meeting the needs and support the rights of children, working with their families, working in a team and with other professionals, compliance with legal requirements, sell of themselves (the practitioner), training and development, attitudes/ observes of practitioners, inclusive practice).A1 take a ruminative account of the role of the practitioner in caring for children (Develop the information gathered for E1 and use your experiences to consider and show sense of your practice in caring for children. character this reflection to suggest appropriate ways you could develop your role as a practitioner when working with children).E2 Collate information about how care for children may be provided within families and society (Gather and present information about the many different ways children are cared for by families and by soci ety. This may include types of family care plus the clutch of statutory, voluntary, private and indep abolishent settings)E3 Include evidence which compares the differing roles of statutory, private, voluntary and independent settings (Provide evidence that looks at the roles of statutory, private, voluntary and independent settings that care for children their primary(prenominal) differences and similarities. statutory provided by the state, e.g. schoolsPrivate businesses that make a profit, e.g. private day nurseries Voluntary national and local organisations e.g. parent and toddler groups Independent e.g. pre-preparatory settings kindergartens).E4 Include a summary of the main regulations that govern the care of children in different types of settings (State in a concise way the main regulations that regulate and control the care of children in a range of settings, eg Children Act 2004. The main points of this act that regulates care of children are.)C1 Analyse how the main regulations can influence the provision of care. (A development of E4. Consider how the main regulations and controls you identified in E4 can influence the provision of care available for children)E5 Include TWO (2) activities which will each support and maintain a different aspect of the mundane care of children (Include a description of TWO (2) suitable activities. Each activity should support and maintain a different aspect of the daily care of children)E6 Include an explanation of the key issues which enable multi-professional teams to work together (Give details of the main factors that enable teams of professionals with different expertise to work successfully together, eg It is essential to respect and value the cognition and skills of other professionals because.)B1 Evaluate ways to work effectively in multi-professional teams to support the care of children ( A development of E6. A detailed consideration and conclude judgements of the issues (described in E6), to en sure support for children through successful multi- professional teams. Discussion of the effectiveness of ways could include advantages and disadvantages of multi- professional teams, overcoming barriers to communication, consultation, and holistic approach to care of children, wistful practice.E7 Provide evidence of current and relevant research throughout the portfolio (This criterion will be met if work is supported by appropriate references to current and relevant research).D1 Provide evidence to show how knowledge of child development can contribute to the recognition of childrens care needs Supply evidence of how knowledge of child development helps the practitioner recognise individual childrens care needs. This may include reliable and valid assessments of individual children, use of developmental norms, knowledge of age/stage appropriate care, prediction of next stages, understanding differences and valuing diversity, influences on development, the particular needs of ind ividual children.D2 Discuss TWO (2) strategies for improving your own learning and exertion (Think about and provide detailed information about two different ways you can improve and develop your own learning and performance) .E8 Show an understanding of diversity and inclusive practice (This criterion will be met if work in the portfolio demonstrates that all children and their families should have their individual rights and needs identified and met).E9 Include references and bibliography (At least TWO (2) references must be made in the text to relevant books, articles, magazines or web sites. These are sources of information and the sources used should be listed at the end of the assignment in a bibliography. Sources of background reading can also be included in the bibliography. For more information, see CACHE Finding the Level.

Digital Fortress Chapter 39

Room 301. Rocio Eva Granada stood naked in front of the bathroom mirror. This was the moment shed been dreading all day. The Ger human beings was on the bed waiting for her. He was the biggest man shed ever been with.Reluctantly, she took an ice cube from the water bucket and rubbed it across her nipples. They quickly hardened. This was her gift-to make men feel wanted. Its what kept them coming back. She ran her hands across her supple, well-tanned dust and hoped it would survive another four or five more years until she had enough to retire. Senor Roldan took most of her pay, but without him she knew shed be with the rest of the hookers picking up drunks in Triana. These men at least had money. They never beat her, and they were easy to satisfy. She slipped into her lingerie, took a deep breath, and opened the bathroom door.As Rocio stepped into the room, the Germans eyes bulged. She was wearing a drear negligee. Her chestnut skin radiated in the soft light, and her nipples stood at attention beneath the lacy fabric.Komm doch hierher, he said eagerly, shedding his robe and rolling onto his back.Rocio forced a smile and approached the bed. She gazed down at the enormous German. She chuckled in relief. The organ between his legs was tiny.He grabbed at her and impatiently ripped off her negligee. His fat fingers groped at every pass on of her body. She fell on top of him and moaned and writhed in false ecstasy. As he rolled her over and climbed on top of her, she thought she would be crushed. She gasped and choked against his puttylike neck. She prayed he would be quick.Si Si she gasped in between thrusts. She dug her fingernails into his backside to encourage him.Random thoughts cascaded through her mind-faces of the countless men shed satisfied, ceilings shed stared at for hours in the dark, dreams of having childrenSuddenly, without warning, the Germans body arched, stiffened, and almost immediately collapsed on top of her. Thats all? she thought, surpris ed and relieved.She tried to slide out from under him. Darling, she whispered huskily. Let me get on top. But the man did not move.She reached up and pushed at his massive shoulders. Darling, I I cant breathe She began feeling faint. She felt her ribs cracking. ?Despiertate Her fingers instinctively started pulling at his flat hair. Wake upIt was then that she felt the warm sticky liquid. It was matted in his hair-flowing onto her cheeks, into her mouth. It was salty. She twisted wildly beneath him. Above her, a strange snap of light illuminated the Germans contorted face. The bullet hole in his temple was gushing blood all over her. She tried to scream, but there was no air left in her lungs. He was crushing her. Delirious, she clawed toward the shaft of light coming from the doorway. She saw a hand. A gun with a silencer. A flash of light. And then nothing.

The Compare, Contrast About the Usa and Canada

Full name Hoang Hong Ngoc (Jade) The ground forces and Canada The contrast and contrast This essay will compare and contrast the similarities and differences mingled with two North American countries, The USA and Canada. Both of them are young countries, their histories are linked. Therefore, culturally and historically they are closely related. Although they need many similarities, the two countries still have differences in population, languages and mode factors. Firstly, the USA and Canada have very contrastive populations.The USA has a thriving 300 trillion whereas Canada has about 32 million (socyberty. com). The second largest country in the world is Canada but as far as its population is concerned, it just has the 33rd prospect (www. mapsofworld. com). However, the United States has the worlds third largest population. Canada and the USA have somewhat similar population distribution patterns. Both of them have population closelyly concentrated in major urban centres. However, Canada has only 4 major cities Ottawa, Toronto, Victoria and Montreal although the USA has over 10 major centres.This is why the population of the United States is more than Canada. Secondly, Canada has two important languages French and English, while the United States which only uses English. In the past both countries are similar where waves of immigration from other countries have created their subculture. Therefore, they have many different languages such as Chinese, German, Russian, However, English is the most spoken languages of Canada except some province. Furthermore, the USA and Canada support to each other about economy.As geographic neighbor, the USA is the most trading partner with Canada because 70 percent of Canadas products export to the USA and also Canada is the largest export customer of the United States. Almost the trade in goods between them is source of natural resources, because many of Canadas important industries are based on them. In addition, investment and technology have benefited by Canadians while the USA of markets. Anyway, one part of Canadas economy depends on the USA. Finally, the climate also has the similarities. The climate varies between different areas, regions.The weather changes from one year to another. For example, the whole of the southernmost of the USA is normally hot from late May to middle September, with the southwest usually being very hot and dry, and the southeast also hot and humid. If intend when to come the USA or Canada you also need to consider how the air change, depending on the time of year, and how the cost and accommodation. In conclusion, it can be seen that the population, languages, economy and climate of the USA and Canada have some similarities as well as differences.In general, the similarities are in languages whereas the differences are in population. However, they still support each other and start together. REFERENCES Eighth Edition (2013) National Geographic Atlas of the World. http//travel. nationalgeographic. com/travel/countries/canada-facts/ 2013, 03 March Unknown author (2013) U. S. PopClock Projection http//www. census. gov/population/www/popclockus. html 2013, 03 March Unknown author (2013) parsimoniousness and Finance http//london. usembassy. gov/econ. html 2013, 03 March

Academic Dishonesty

donnish treason in whatever form is a direct attack upon a prestigious instructional institution particularly the faculty concerned. It humiliates the integrity of the University and further, it dehumanizes the personality of the teaching personnel by insulting and injuring his individuality.According to Miami Dade College manual of arms of Procedures, tare during examinations, collaboration and misrepresentation of work, com/online-plagiarism-checker/plagiarism as well as stealing examinations or course material and falsifying records constitute the subtle criminal coif of academic dish hotshotsty.As such Policy IV-5 on Student Rights and Responsibilities with Statutory Reference FLORIDA STATUTE 1006.50 has been implemented by said college.Dishonest activities as mentioned above volition not only demean and depreciate the values of students but whitethorn disturb them psychologically and emotionally. Somehow students may feel a tinge of guilt and perhaps tension resulting to stress which could further affect their school performance and may not facilitate learning.For whatever it is worth, the student performing acts of academic dishonesty will always be at the losing end especially when caught and penalized. Worse, it may destroy his future by committing an offensive record thus limiting his opportunities to more smart careers.Submitted requirements by students must stand for the efforts they exerted in completing such. Cheating is the unauthorized use of information or study guides in any academic figure (UCSB, 1995). It may include copying answers from others taking the same examination. Using irrelevant notes written on any material is like saucy prohibited.In take-home examinations, sharing of answers is to a fault a form of cheating. Tampering of examination results and taking examinations for another person and asking someone else to take your examination are also taboo in colleges and universities.And among the latest innovations of cheating is utilizing the assistance of essay-writing companies especially those found in the Internet. The so-called Internet revolution provides very accessible ways of helping students finish variant types of paper work while earning.Many writing jobs are open in the Internet which caters this need for papers in different academic levels &8212 high school, undergraduate, get the hang and Ph.D. Any student may find this convenient and relaxing plus a guaranteed good grade, however, learning and money are sacrificed in this method. Writing is not enhanced and may hinder the development of this skill among future academicians and degree holders.Another huge misconduct related to academic dishonesty among students, professors and researchers is plagiarism. Plagiarism is academic stealth (UCSB, 1995). It is stealing and claiming the words and thoughts of another person without acknowledging it through proper citations. Thus, giving the author due credit is denied.Proper citations and docume ntation must be given in quoted lines or messages, paraphrased or summarized lines, and unique ideas, facts and data given by a particular author. Plagiarism has expanded in the advent of Internet technology.The cut and banquet method of making papers has become frequent though some Internet programs to check paper works for plagiarism are now advocated to decrease this unethical behavior. As a consequence, penalties for plagiarism are oftentimes harsh.High school students may fail on particular subjects where they plagiarized certain papers or projects. In colleges and universities, some policies allow for failure of the subject, suspension from attending classes and worst, expulsion from the institution.In Miami Dade College, O.K.s for academic dishonesty are categorized as take aim I and Level II. For serious offenses, there are preliminary meetings conducted between the faculty and the student.After which, a Notice of Charge is issued by the Dean upon the recommendation from the Department Chairperson if the sanction belongs to Level II. The hearing process follows in the presence of the Academic Hearing Committee (AHC) together with the parties involved in the case. The AHC then renders the decision as to the raft of the guilty party.Collaboration and misrepresentation of work is also common among students especially the tardy ones and overly busy types and those involved in too many extracurricular activities.Academic dishonesty in this case is hard to determine though as some professors may assign papers and projects by partners or throngs, nevertheless, the pair or members of the group must work independently and do their share in making the requirement successful. Inventing data and manipulating results are also huge immoral offenses. The collaborators should give intact credit to those who contributed to the work done.Each writer should remember that one mistake of academic dishonesty may cost you your name and credibility in the academe which alas is binding and irrevocable. It is difficult to regain back the respect you fall in earned as a student, professor, author or researcher.Asking for assistance is not bad, however, it is but wise to use this others help only as a basis for our work. The best papers have always been our original ideas which can be appreciated more perhaps by our readers.ReferencesMiami Dade College. (2006). Miami Dade College Manual of Procedures. Retrieved November 3, 2007, from http//mdc.edu/procedures/University of California Santa Barbara. (1995). The Academic Dishonesty Question A Guide to an Answer through Education, Prevention, Adjudication, and ObligationAcademic DishonestyThough a rapidly grown trend not only in our higher institutions of learning but also the lower levels, cheating in the course work in any form ranging from the class work to the main examinations is a terrible breach of the rules in most institutions and the education system as a whole.In an attempt to solve the suic idal issue to the academic lives of the students, many theories dealing with the sociology around the students life have been used as we shall examine in the proceeding chapters of our paper.Does Cheating Really Occur?From his book (Haaland, 2006, p. 67) informs us that a recent study conducted by The Rutgers University and The University of Guelph in a sample of 15,000 university students in five provinces admitted to several dishonesty behaviors in the examination which were sampled as 53% of them admitting to having cheated on a written project, admitting to have cheated in an exam was in 18% of the students and many other testimonies from the students which showed how much the habit is rampant in schools.The same survey also indicated that 48% of teachers and lecturers admitted to having caught students cheating in exams though they had no tangible evidence to take the issue seriously (Haaland, 2006, p. 98) by punishing the student or reporting the matter to the concerned regim e within the school.What Methods Do the Students Employ in Cheating?From our sociology, it is common knowledge that the different structures in the society we live in go a bang-up mileage in determining the shape that our behaviors conform to (Kutscher, 2008, p. 37). It is due to this basic reason that we are going to view the methods our students use to cheat in interview to the major social theoriesThe Conflict TheoryAs (Kutscher, 2008, p. 73) displays the aspect in the theory, we can deduce that the various units in the society are always involved in innovations as a way of outsmarting each other in the societal ranks. To a great extent, this has resulted to students collaborating with other students with an aim of outdoing a certain group in the classroom. This ends up with the learners liaising with each other to perfume the course work hence the personal assessment is not affected.Though it heavily leans on the culture and the intellectual phenomenon of the people, postmoder nism results in to innovations that seek to improve the life standards of the people. In our current educational world, modernization has come a long way in impacting positively to the system though it is to a large extent creating big loopholes for our students to maximize on for cheating.The internet as (Kutscher, 2008, p. 57) tells us has created a healthy avenue for the lazy students as with the dawn of the mouse, they can call an assignment or research done. Superior papers.com just to mention but one of them is a website where the students easily and at very inexpensive fees purchase already written essay for presentation to the teacher.Quite a highly technical method that the students use to cheat in the course of their learning in the modern world unlike those methods that were traditionally used. Although traditional, some of the methods are still used by students today like writing answers on body move and on pieces of cloth or paper as (Kutscher, 2008, p. 98) puts it.I n an attempt to eradicate the wide spread social evil of cheating in students, denomination of the contributing factors to the trend is very important as it gives us a leeway to follow. Some of the most striking reasons are inclusive ofConformity well-disposed Stigma(Kutscher, 2007, p. 121) partially lays the blame of the trend on the fact that the student culture is progressively transmitted to the students either knowingly or otherwise. Students are coiled in to viewing their work as more collaborative and not individual as it used to be in the traditional times. This smoothly leads even clean-handed students in to the poor practice and it therefore becomes a trend that almost has to be followed.Class systemUn due pressure on the students in terms of the expectations laid on them in the classroom can also be cited as a contributing factor to the increased rate of students insincerity in the institutions of learning (Kutscher, 2007, p. 71).The exceptional nature of time for stu dents to perform their duties may be an explanation to some of the cheating as they are striving to beat the deadlines that are tightly placed. (Kutscher, 2007, p. 83) adds that flexile situations in the classroom may also push the student to cheating like punishment set in the classroom due to failure may force a poor student to cheat as away of running out of the punishment.RecommendationsFrom the well-built facts in the pages above, we are able to single out one problem in the whole scenario. Concerned authorities keep on repeating to the students not to cheat yet they do not sit atomic reactor with them and seriously deliberate on the matter.By doing this, the teachers can be made aware of more reason why students cheat from the students themselves. On the other hand, the students will also be officially made aware of the harms of cheating not only to their chances in the school but also their intellectual lives.Work CitedHaaland, B (2006), Sociology A legal brief Introduction McGraw-Hill Ryerson Higher Education, CanadaKutscher, M (2007), Kids in the Syndrome Mix Jessica Kingsley Publishers, Boston Kutscher, M (2008), Living Without Breaks Jessica Kingsley Publishers, Boston 

Life of Pi Journal Response

The narrator of this book has his own view about zoos. He tries to make it seem as if his view is absolutely true and is scientifically proven and that he is 100% politically correct. fit in to him a zoo to an animal is care a al-Qaeda to a human. But I totally disagree with his view on the zoos. In the book the narrators view is totally opposite. He assumes and thinks that holding animals in batting cages is normal to them and they dont mind He persuades us to think that animals are perfectly fine and find it normal to be unbroken in cages Animals handle universe in the same cages, its like their home, There is no place like home?Thats certainly what animals feel. According to him animals would rather live in a restricted area where his basic needs are met than live in an open area full of enemies and no guarantee of food. He is saying that a cage is an animals home How prat that be possible? How can an animal call virtually cage where its been stuck forever and ever wher e it cant go anywhere, call it home?? It seems as if the narrator I personally do not agree with the narrators view about zoos or any other enclosed dwelling for animals. We all humans know that animals do not like being kept in cages and in enclosed enclosures. Animals are territorial.That is the key to their minds. Only a familiar territorial will allow them to fulfill the two intransigent imperatives of the wild the avoidance of enemies and the getting of food and water. So biologically sound zoo enclosure whether cage, pit, moated island, corral, terrarium, aviary or aquarium- is just another territory In a zoo, we do for animals what we have done for ourselves with houses Now he is comparing the animals cages to our homes How is it possible to compare an animals cage to our houses? They are unquestionably vastly different.We cannot possibly compare a place like our home to an animals cage. Animals are meant to live in the wild in the forests, the desserts and so on Thats their home. Like our homes are our habitats in cities and country sides. Its not possible to call a cage, an animals territory its like a jail for him. A house is a compresses territory where basic needs can be fulfilled close by and safely (with the notable absence of a fireplace or the like, present in every human habitation).Finding within it all the places it needs- a lookout, a place for resting, for alimentation and drinking, for bathing, for grooming-etc. nd finding that there is no need to go hunting, food appearing six days a week, an animal will take willpower of its zoo space in the same way it would lay claim I disagree with the fact that the cages are the animals territory and home. good because the cage can fulfill the basic needs (resting, look out, eating, and bathing) that doesnt mean its territory. The animal is being forced to live in the cages and so it has to call for with the situation and cope with it. Where he says fulfilled by close by and safely he is wrong. The bars around the cage arent for safety for the animals simply for simply keeping it inside its cage.Its a safety for us How does this even make sense in the first place? Its essentially saying that, someone a human is forced to live in a cage where he/she will be supplied with food and calling that cage their home Their safe, have a place to eat, rest, lookout Its the humans territory and home now because it will stay there forcefully until it dies You can also look at this like this. You see a lady bug crawling around. So you take a jar and dream up it atop it. You give it food/water daily So basically now the jar is its home sweet home and its own territory? Thats what the narrator is basically saying.I disagree with the fact that animals can be compared to humans. The narrator cannot simply just start comparing humans lifestyles to animals. How can we possibly know whether the cage is like a home to the animals? The animals belong in nature they have their own habit ats and their own ways of having a booming lifestyle. How can we say that a cage is a comfortable area and a home to an animal? We do not know what animals think, we dont know what they are saying Even though we see the animals in their enclosures all peaceful and quite we cannot simply assume that they love it.Its like we were separated from our families and put in a cage to stay Humans and animals are very different. Humans are able to do things that animals cant They can build houses out of nature (with wood etc). Animals are limited. They get raised and are taught to hunt so they can eat and live In conclusion I defiantly do not agree with the narrator on the fact that animals love the zoo, and like being kept in cages/enclosures. I disagree with his view and opinion on zoos.

Beautiful Boy and Tweak Essay

Reading deuce different accounts of the story of a drug addict allows much room for comparison mingled with the two. In the case of David and Nic Sheffs rule books, I was surprised at how much similarity at that place was between the two they agreed on most points and there was no striking discontinuity in their stories. There is, however, a significant difference in the perspectives from which the two are told. Naturally, Nic, as the addict son, takes on a more self- common snapping turtleed view. In Davids book it is clear that Nics addiction is the one central driving force in their family life, especially in Davids daily life. In Nics book, however, his relationship with his father and the rest of his family is only one of the several focal points of the book Nic is also preoccupied with girlfriends, friends, and his sponsor.David Sheffs book is a very self-reflecting account. He is constantly analyzing the past, the decisions hes made with Nic, and putting it all together i n a desperate attempt to come across answers to his sons downfall. He struggles with a constant mental conflict What did I do wrong? His preoccupation with Nic became an addiction in itself, and the obsessive care and stress took a tremendous toll, to the point where he suffered from a massive hemorrhage. Davids view of the progression of Nics addiction reflects the Social Learning Theories and psychoanalytical explanations of American drug use. At first, David views the onset of Nics addiction as a cause of some childhood lifestyle factors he lived through (such as the divorce).Later on, however, David realizes that there are thousands of teenagers who are reeled into the dark world of drugs and do not necessarily come from traumatic backgrounds that these two things are not eer directly linked. They are simply reinforced by others, usually drug-using friends, regardless of how they were raised. Ronald Akers built on this idea of operant conditioning by pointing out that drug-u sing mien is reinforced socially more than physiologically. This is exactly what happened to Nic as he surrounded himself more and more with friends and girlfriends who induced his addiction. As evident as it may lease seemed, it took David a plot of land to shift his focus from reflecting on the past to what was quickly making Nics situation worse.Nic, on the other hand, is not very psychoanalytic about his addiction.David has hope for his son, while Nic has very little hope for himself. While telling his story, David is trying to discover and unveil what led to all of this misery in his family. He longs to find answers and causations for all of it. Nic, on the other hand, doesnt focus on the why. Although he has moments where he confesses he never thought he would sprain out this way, he doesnt spend much time dwelling on what led him to his addiction. Instead, Nic just tells his story and focuses on the very near future. This is veritable(prenominal) of an addicts mentality. Each day is so unsure and unstable that they cant manage to plan more than one or two days ahead. The deeper he sinks into his addiction, the more surprised he is to find that he wakes up alive each day.Rather than fight it, Nic accepts the fact that he is a hardcore addict and that his life will never be the same. It took his father a much longer time to realize this and fully accept it. I was genuinely shocked at how honest Nic is throughout the whole book while telling his story. He admits that his parents are forcing him to go into a treatment center and that he has fucked everything up beyond repair. Most addicts make themselves seem like the victim and leave out a lot of information about their spoiled habits. Nic openly shares everything, even his darkest moments of intoxication and suicidal depression. He looks for ways to support the high demands of his druggie lifestyle and makes the necessary amends, even if it means stealing from his own family while they are desperate ly trying to help him.Nics selfishness, however, turns into feelings of deep guilt toward the end on the book when he is on the road to recovery and with his two parents. When his mind clears up, he realizes how badly he has torn everyone apart, especially his mom and dad. These emotional realizations are part of his recovery. David, however, experiences the exact opposite. At the early stages of his sons addiction, he dedicated all his time and energy to the matter, to the point where he forgot about his own health and happiness. As Nics addiction progressed, David shifted focus to himself and stop obsessing over everything that had to do with his sons addiction. Davids road to recovery meant almost the exact opposite of Nics dedicating more time and energy to himself preferably than taking others into primaryconsideration.David Sheff tells his familys story from the very early happy days and takes his readers all the way through Nics descent into his darkest moments, while manag e begins with Nic already deep into his addiction. Nic Sheffs Tweak is the dark counterpoint to Beautiful Boy. The elder writers grief-filled memoir glows dimly like a distant planet of despair, while the sons account of the same events burns like an angry Mars.

Document Analysis The Marriage of the Virgin Essay

I have chosen The Marriage of the Virgin as a document analysis because I want to contrast this consort with works of Perugino, especially Christ giving the Keys to St Peter (1481-1482) and also The Marriage of the Virgin (1500-1504). Raphael was commissi bingled to produce the work by the Albizzini family of Citta di Castello (scala 8) for the chapel of St Joseph in the Church of San Francesco. In comparison to the two works of Perugino the similarities are easily recognised. However although we can date Peruginos earlier work between 1481and1482, his Marriage of the Virgin can only be dated from between 1500 and 1504. Raphael helpfully named himself and dated his work in the middle of the temple and so we know definitely it was finished in 1504, so although it would seem likely, maven should be cautious to date Peruginos Marriage of the Virgin earlier than Raphaels.In 1504 Raphael was twenty one years old and was still an apprentice in the school of Perugino,and he executed it pr ior to his stay in Florence, and so it is ingrained to assume his work was still greatly influenced by his master. The painting has significant parallels with the Christ giving the Keys to St Peter in the Sistine Chapel. As in the earlier fresco, Raphael uses the analogous structural format. The pavilion is the dominating central focus which gives the depth of the scene in relation to the figures of the foreground. The figures between the pavilion and the frontal scene is proportional in sizeand shows Raphaels confidence in the use of perspective. The landscape shows the influence of Perugino, the viewer may get a sense of tranquility and stillness which one may also gent with the actual landscapes of Umbria, and speaking from experience I certainly did.When looking in detail at the figures in the foreground one can see the influence of Perugino within the faces of the characters. The faces of the ladies and indeed the men either side of the Joseph and Mary all have the serene, g raceful and introspective qualities one would associate with Perugino. The ladies with their small mouths seem hard to differentiate from Peruginos own figures.From these similarities it may be said that at this time Raphael was truly a disciple of Perugino and puma in his style.Although there is much to associate Raphael with the school of Perugino within this painting, there can also be seen that within the work Raphael has started to move away from his know style and also out-master the masterBruno Santi in Raphael, The Great Masters of Art (p10) writes of Raphaels superiority in the use of Perspective in comparison to Perugino. He cites Peruginos fresco in the Sistine chapel is developed horizontally which is characteristic of the Quattrocento whereas Raphael uses a well developed circular composition. The temple in Raphaels internal representation is a polygonal building seemingly more complex than Peruginos temple but perfectly portrayed and gives one a sense of Raphaels co mplete confidence of the new architectural designs which were emerging through people such as Bramante and Da Vinci and it has been argued that their influence can be seen in this work.

Moral absolutism Essay

When we speak of Morality we think of the difference amid right and wrong, the difference among the good and the evil. We use honorableity to justify our actions and decisions. More often than non, quite a little impose their morality on others and expect them to act in the way they find fit. They guess that the thought of right and wrong is universal. In her essay On Morality, Didion contradicts this theory and believes that everyone can have incompatible fancys of morality based on their own perception. To involve her point, Didion uses the examples of Klaus Fuchs and Alfred Rosenberg.Fuchs was a British traitor who leaked nuclear secrets to the Soviets, and Rosenberg was the national socialist administrator of Eastern Europe, where the Ger cosmoss committed their most heinous and most murderous acts during World War II. two of them claimed that what they did were morally appropriate. She therefore goes on to say that Jesus justifies what he did based on morality. The j uxtaposition of these ideas affirms Didions theory that the conviction of morality is vastly based on perspective. This juxtaposition also helps prove that lot use morality to justify almost anything.Osama Bin Laden believed that it was morally right to take the lives of millions of impartial civilians in the realise of religion. President Snow, along with the Capitol, in The Hunger Games saw it fit to throw 24 teenagers in a battlefield and let them fight until only one remains. Morality does not appear like a tool to distinguish right from wrong, but a method to have a clean conscious, irrespective of whether ones acts atomic number 18 good or bad. Didion also says, For better or for worse, we are what we learned as children. (158) This shows that the ideas we have of good and bad and the so-called morality is part of what weve learnt growing up. A lot of people might find it pointless to stay with a corpse on a highway. barely to Didion, it is the moral thing to do. We do not leave behind our dead. Friedrich Nietzsche said, Fear is the contract of morality. Didion maintains that morality might differ from person to person. In my opinion, a lot of factors influence the decisions we make and then blame them on morality. The right thing is too abstract to be universal.Didion debates nigh the cannibalism acts and talks about the vestigial taboo that no one should eat their own blood kin. This might empathizem fearful to some while being a being of others culture. Didion says that morality has the most potentially m hold backacious meaning. (159) And I couldnt agree more. There is a very thin line between right and wrong, and morality is what shows one where to draw it. But the basis of that line is so ambiguous, that people end up using morality to cover up their actions.The idea Didion presents is that humans are not supply to distinguish between the good and the bad. We think that all actions are sound as long as they dont hurt another person. But then we see people like Adolf Hitler. The man murdered millions of people. Yet, he had a bunch of supporters who helped him with these inhumane acts. But he did what he did in the name of morality, in the name of respect for the greater race. The central idea of this essay is that morality depends largely on perception. What one finds wrong may not necessarily be seen as inappropriate by another.I followed my own conscience. I did what I thought was right. Didion questions the reader how many madmen have said this and meant it? Didion doesnt believe that these men shelter themselves under the illusion of morality but actually believe their actions are moral and justified. Maybe we ourselves have said it before and been wrong. Our conscience isnt always the best judge of things. But the concept of morality makes it okay to just be impulsive and do what we think is correct in the moment. The relevance of our logic lacks frequency.One might not kill people on a nonchalant basis but one might find it moral to do it someday and go earlier with it. Does this make them immoral? Is the act of killing immoral? What if the victim is a killer? The answers to questions relating to morality are not black or white. There could be various different instances where individuals might have different stands on issues. All of which they might believe to be morally correct. So the question is, who decides what is moral and what is not? What gives them the power to do so? Should the morality of one person be forced on another?Clearly, universal standards of right and wrong do not exist. The evidence Didion provided as well as instances we see around the world proves that fact. A lot of people do not agree with Didions idea of differing morality. The people who adhere themselves to a supposedly universal moral code can delude themselves into mentation people who do not follow that code are less humane. People need to taking into custody fretting over moral absolutes and let morality run their life and effect every decision they make in order to ensure the future is safe from oppression and terrorism.

Jet Blue Melt Down Essay

The applied science department at Jet Blue airlines let down the company during the melt down. T present were some areas where if the engineering science department had been on top of its game this melt down would not make been to the highest degree as bad as it was. These range from simple communications problems to materialisations with lost bags. The first area where technology let down those at Jet Blue was that of not being equal to rebook flights on the internet. This was a major problem as because the website did not allow for passengers whose flights had been can cellular phoneed to reschedule they had to call agents. The problem here is many of these agents work from home and the system was only cap adapted of handling 650 calls at a time.If the website had been able to allow customers to rebook it would ask taken a lot of the load off of these agents. The second issue we stupefy here is the system only allowed for 650 agents to be on the phones at a time. When you consider they have the public everyday business along with many flights being cancelled causing angry passengers to call in to rebook this problem became magnified. Customer grew angry with the amount of time that they had to remain on hold to rebook flights.The next issue that lingered was that of being able to identify who owned the lost luggage. This system was a simple one as it only took the technology department 24 hours to design a system to locate these passengers and reunite them with their luggage. However, when you are already upset and angry 24 hours is quite a long time. This was an issue that never should have been as it should have been in place prior to this event.Finally we come to the issue of being able to communicate with off duty crews and know their location when rebooking flights. This issue was one that could have been fixed in a simple manner with a system similar to thatwhich Nextel offers to customers walkie talkie options with a gps locator on the phone .To conclude my findings if the technology department had been doing its job prior to these events the problem would not have been nearly as magnified. Through some simple fixes and forward thinking there could have been several(prenominal) areas that would have helped to make managing this event easier from enhanced phone systems to a website with more capabilities for customers to simple gps enable cell phones this problem would not have cost the company upwards of 30 million dollars.

The Concept Of Agency Theory Recognizes There Are Fundamental Differences Accounting Essay

IntroductionAn chest relationship is a contract downstairs which one or much individuals ( the psyche ( s ) ) engage another individual ( the federal agent ) to execute slightly service on their behalf which involves deputing some determination doing authorization to the agent ( Jensen and Meckling, 1976 ) . If both parties to the association argon macrocosm-service corporation maximizers and they may hold distinguishable purposes and aims, it is inevitable that the agent volition non ever move in the best involvements of the principal.The construct of bureau conjecture originated from the course of Adolf Augustus Berle and Gardiner Coit Means, who were discour chirrup the issues of the agent and rule either bit early as 1932. Berle and Means explored the constructs of bureau and their applications toward the cultivation of big corporations. Michael C. Jensen and William Meckling shaped the work of Berle and Means in the context of the risk-sharing research popular in t he mid-sixties and 70s to develop bureau theory as a formal construct. Jensen and Meckling formed a school of judgement reasoning that corporations ar structured to minimise the represents of acquiring agents to fol low the way and involvements of the principals. ( Renee OFarrell, 2010 )The construct of bureau theory recognizes there are carmine differences in how bourgeonholders, film directors, and even marryholders interpret their several relationships to an organisation. While they may mete out some common ends and aims, there is the possible for at least some aims to emerge that are focused more on single enrichment than on the wellbeing of the whole ( Kleiman, 2010 ) . For illustration, directors may be more focussed on constructing a repute for themselves, perchance making their ain power bases within the complex body part of the larger organisations. Stockholders may go more focussed on gaining dividends now and less on the future of the concern. Bondholders may b e concerned merely with the beneathtaking associated with the bond issue, and lose sight of how the everyplaceall stability of the company can hold a negative impact on the return earned from that bond ( Kleiman, 2010 ) .Contri hardlyion of bureau theory to the development of accountingCurrent mainstream accounting research is based extensively on economical hypothetical accounts of bureau that represent he runing company ( suffer ) directors agent and the single investors chief . This chief agent theoretical account has to a fault been implicitly adopted in the ordinance of accounting, which focuses on the ingests and overt financial aid of a diverse group of single investors who entrust their wealth to the control of director. ( Bricker, Chandar 1998 )Accounting plays an of import economic consumption as a critical portion of the contracts that define a house. For illustration, imparting agreements between a house and its creditors frequently contain several account ing based compacts. Accounting-based fillip programs are often a role of decision maker compensation programs. Accounting steps are normally used in the public introduction rating of a house s apostrophize and net income centres. ( Bricker, Chandar 1998 )The construct of Positive Accounting conjecture has emerged, in recent old ages, which is based on the theory of bureau. It focuses on the relationships between the assorted persons tangled in supplying resources to an organisation and how accounting is used to help in the operation of these relationships. While prescriptive theories tend to urge what should be done. When decision-making authorization is delegated, this can take to some loss of efficiency and sequential costs. For illustration, if the proprietor ( chief ) delegates decision-making authorization to a director ( agent ) it is possible that the director may non work every bit difficult as would the proprietor, given that the director might non portion straight in the consequences of the organisation. Any possible loss of net incomes brought approximately by the director underperforming is considered to be a cost that consequences from the decision-making deputation within this bureau relationship an bureau cost. The bureau costs that arise as a consequence of deputing decision-making authorization from the proprietor to the director are referred to in Positive Accounting Theory as bureau costs of equity. ( http //www.download-it.org/free_files/Pages % 20from % 20Chapter % 207 % 20Positive % 20Accounting % 20Theory-d0385ad3b7925717c0b72a06b16de4f4.pdf )Positive Accounting Theory, as developed by Watts and Zimmerman and others, is based on the cardinal economics-based premise that all persons action is driven by opportunism and that persons depart ever move in an timeserving mode to the extent that the actions will increase their wealth. Impressions of trueness, morality and the similar are non in corporeald in the theory ( as they typical ly are non incorporated in other accounting or economic theories ) . Given an premise that self-interest thrusts all single actions, Positive Accounting Theory predicts that organisations will render to set in topographic point mechanisms that align the involvements of the directors of the house ( the agents ) with the involvements of the proprietors of the house ( the principals ) . ( http //www.download-it.org/free_files/Pages % 20from % 20Chapter % 207 % 20Positive % 20Accounting % 20Theory-d0385ad3b7925717c0b72a06b16de4f4.pdf )Some of these methods of alining involvements will be based on the end product of the accounting system ( such as supplying the director with a portion of the organisation s net incomes ) . Where such accounting based alignment mechanisms are in topographic point, there will be a demand for pecuniary statements to be produced. Directors are predicted to bond themselves to fix these fiscal statements. This is dear(p) in itself, and in Positive Account ing Theory would be referred to as a bonding cost . If we assume that directors ( agents ) will be responsible for fixing the fiscal statements, so Positive Accounting Theory at any rate would foretell that there would be a demand for those statements to be audited or monitored, otherwise agents would, presuming opportunism, seek to exaggerate net incomes, thereby change magnitude their absolute portion of net incomes. ( http //www.download-it.org/free_files/Pages % 20from % 20Chapter % 207 % 20Positive % 20Accounting % 20Theory-d0385ad3b7925717c0b72a06b16de4f4.pdf )Agency Theory and Corporate GovernmentPersons are by and large taken to be preoccupied with in general the basic unit of analysis is taken as the individual who is preoccupied with maximizing or at least fulfilling their public-service corporation conceived typically in footings of a tradeoff between work and leisure. It is this blend of pretended independency and self-interested thrust that creates the jobs withi n bureau relationships. ( J Roberts, 2004 )Using this construct to corporate administration, in number of the separation of ownership and control, it is the stockholder who is taken as the principal and the job is how the principal can do certain that his agents company managers work for the fulfilment of stockholders involvements instead than their ain. The redresss to this construct of the bureau job within corporate administration involves the credence of certain agency costs involved either in making incentives/sanctions that will a pull out executive ego involvement with the involvements of stockholders, or incurred in supervising executive behavior in order to restrain their self-interest. ( J Roberts, 2004 )As these premises have been read onto corporate administration, and informed its regenerate in recent decennaries, they have resulted in what are now an about cosmopolitan set of techniques and patterns intentional to command the behavior of executives both within the corporation and externally ( Walsh and Seward 1990 ) . Inside the company, boards have basically ii agencies to exert control over executives they can fire them and they can give them incentives portion options, long-run bonus programs. For these levers to work, nevertheless, boards must be populated with independent non-executives who are willing and able to supervise executive public presentation, peculiarly where there are possible struggles of involvement. The growing and development of both the figure of non-executives on boards every bit good as the increased specification of their function and conditions of independence has characterized board reform somewhat the universe. The separation of the function of main executive from that of the non-executive president has been portion of this in the linguistic communication of Cadbury it is intend that this ensures that no 1 person has unfettered powers of determination. The creative activity of audit, wage, and nominatio ns commissions all staffed by independent non-executives, is besides common and ideally ensures both the proper usage of inducements and a high grade of supervise of executive public presentation and decision-making. To these internal controls are added a scope of external controls. Foremost here has been the central point on enhanced disclosure , and the transparency that this allows, chiefly of fiscal public presentation but late besides of societal and environmental public presentation ( Dissanike 1999, Zadek 2001 ) . The purpose is that the portion market is thereby better informed such that all relevant information is impacted into the share-price ( Fama 1980, Barker 1998 ) . There is besides a market for corporate control ( Cosh et al 1989, Robert 2004 ) that ideally allows for weak prudence squads to be displaced by strong squads that will run companies to better consequence for stockholders. In recent old ages at least at a policy degree at that place has besides been c oncern that stockholders in the signifier of the big institutional investors taking on their duties as proprietors ( Myners, ISC 2002, Simpson and Charkham, Robert 2004 ) through exerting proper examination and curve both publically and through their private contacts with investors ( Roberts et al 2003, Robert 2004 ) .Covering with Agency Problems Reward strategiesThere are two north-polar places for covering with shareholder-manager bureau struggles. At one extreme, the house s directors are compensated wholly on the footing of stock monetary value alterations. In this instance, bureau costs will be low because directors have great inducements to maximise stockholder wealth ( Eugene and Jensen, 1985 ) . It would be highly hard, nevertheless, to engage gifted directors under these contractual footings because the house s net incomes would be affected by economic events that are non under managerial control. At the other extreme, shareholders could supervise every managerial act ion, but this would be highly dearly-won and inefficient. The optimum solution lies between the extremes, where executive compensation is tied to public presentation, but some monitoring is besides undertaken. In add-on to monitoring, the undermentioned mechanisms encourage directors to move in stockholders involvementsperformance-based inducement programsdirect intervention by stockholdersthe menace of firingthe menace of coup detatMost publically traded houses now employ public presentation portions, which are portions of stock given to executives on the footing of public presentations as defined by fiscal steps such as net incomes per portion, return on assets, return on equity, and stock monetary value alterations. If corporate public presentation is above the public presentation marks, the house s directors earn more portions. If public presentation is below the mark, nevertheless, they receive less than 100 per centum of the portions. Incentive-based compensation programs, su ch as public presentation portions, are designed to fulfill two aims. First, they offer executives inducements to take actions that will heighten stockholder wealth. Second, these programs help companies pull and retain directors who have the assurance to put on the line their fiscal hereafter on their ain abilities-which should take to better public presentation wealth ( Eugene and Jensen, 1985 ) .An increasing per centum of common stock in corporate America is owned by institutional investors such as insurance companies, pension financess, and common financess ( Kleiman, 2010 ) . The institutional money directors have the clout, if they choose, to exercise considerable influence over a house s operations. Institutional investors can act upon a house s directors in two primary ways. First, they can run into with a house s direction and offer suggestions sing the house s operations. Second, institutional stockholders can patronize a proposal to be voted on at the one-year shareholde rs meeting, even if the proposal is opposed by direction. Although such shareholder-sponsored proposals are nonbinding and affect issues outside periodic operations, the consequences of these ballots clearly influence direction sentiment.In the yesteryear, the likeliness of a big company s direction being ousted by its shareholders was so distant that it posed small menace. This was true because the ownership of most houses was so widely distributed, and direction s control over the vote mechanism so strong, that it was about unsufferable for heretical shareholders to obtain the necessary ballots required to take the directors ( Kleiman, 2010 ) . In recent old ages, nevertheless, the main executive officers at American Express Co. , General Motors Corp. , IBM, and Kmart have all resigned in the thick of institutional unsusceptibility and guess that their goings were associated with their companies hapless runing public presentation.Hostile coup detats, which occur when directio n does non wish to sell the house, are most likely to develop when a house s stock is undervalued comparative to its possible because of odds-on direction ( Chen et al, 2006 ) . In a hostile coup detat, the senior directors of the acquired house are typically dismissed, and those who are retained lose the independency they had prior to the acquisition. The menace of a hostile coup detat subjects managerial behaviour and induces directors to try to maximise stockholder value ( Kleiman, 2010 ) .In the best instance scenario, bureau cost is managed in such a manner that the involvements of all parties is protected, and the organisation is able to boom as a consequence ( Tatum, 2010 ) . Even if the assorted types of costs or disbursals involved are identified, if the actions pursued to make a balanced divergency of control are non effectual, the organisation is extremely likely to endure, sometimes to the point of fetch up failure. When this occurs, the collective and personal ends an d aims of directors, stockholders, and bondholders are all undermined to some extent, ensuing in losingss for everyone concerned ( Tatum, 2010 ) .

Hildreth vs Tidewater Equipment Co

John Hildreth was the doctor shareholder, director, and policeman HCE, Inc, a conjunction in smart Jersey. HCE-NJ began to do business in Maryland in early 1997. According to the Maryland code, it is required for foreign corporations to register with the Maryland Department of Assessments and Taxation onward doing intrastate business in Maryland, and it is required to have a resident agent in Maryland. In February 1998, HCE-NJ rented equipment from Tidewater Equipment Company, Inc. and again in September 1998. Tidewater and HCE-NJ signed a series of contr spiels, none of which were signed by Hildreth.When payments ceased aft(prenominal) February 1999 repossessed the equipment and sued Hildreth holding him personally liable for the debts by HCE-NJ. Issue Is there a basis for piercing the obscure of HCE-NJ and imposing personal liability for the corporate duty on Hildreth? Rule In suppose for a court to pierce the corporate veil, two requirements must exist (1) domination of a c orporation by its shareholders and (2) use of that domination for an improper purpose (de bilgewatering creditors, circumventing a statute, or evading an existing obligation. ApplicationIn order for us to prove that Hildreth be held personally liable for the corporations obligation, we must consider versatile factors that laughingstock show if Hildreth practiced domination on the corporation and if that domination was used for an improper purpose. Hildreth was the sole shareholder and was personally involved in the management of the business. He was a sole shareholder, director and officer to this New Jersey corporation. Although HCE-NJ contracted with Tidewater, Hildreth, as a shareholder, was personally involved in the business proceedings amidst HCE-NJ and Tidewater in agreement for renting construction equipment.Hildreth also failed to follow Maryland law by registering HCE-NJ with the Maryland Department of Assessments and Taxation before doing intrastate business in Mar yland. Although Hildreth held no obligation to bankrupt that HCE was an unregistered foreign corporation to Tidewater, the situation can be used in court below Maryland law to pierce the corporate veil to promote justice and to keep on inequity. In this case, HCE owed Tidewater for the renting of construction equipment in the amount of $47,246.Another consideration is the fact that Hildreth may be using his linear perspective as a shareholder to avoid the corporations obligation towards Tidewater. The courts used Herbert Brunes plough as a reference to the case. According to Brune, the corporate veil may be pierced to prevent the evasion of legal obligations. It states that the courts may consider a corporation as unencumbered by the metaphor of corporate entity and deal with substance rather than form as though the corporation did not exist, in order to prevent evasion of legal obligation.HCE-NJ neglected to pay the payments due to Tidewater, which led the repossessing of con struction equipment. The proportionateness owed towards Tidewater was $47,246. The plaintiff has shown that there was an unfairness and inequitable result from this occurrence. Tidewater provided the equipment in return for payment, where HCE-NJ became unable to satisfy its obligation under contract resulting into unfair practices.For Hildreth to say that he is not personally liable for corporation debt, it can be seen as protection for himself from legal obligations. In defense, Hildreth cannot be held liable on the corporations obligation due to the fact that there was a lack of domination. There is no proof that Hildreth, as a shareholder, caused the corporation to act on his detriment or personal benefit. The only mention of Hildreth with Tidewater is when he informed, Kolbe, a Tidewater representative, of the office locations.Transactions and contracts were dealt and signed between Tidewater and an employee of HCE-NJ, not Hildreth. There is also no indicate that the sharehold er caused the corporation to fail to follow corporate formalities. In addition, there is no allegation of fraud on either Hildreth or HCE-NJ. As for Brunes work, the idea that if a shareholder uses a corporation form in order to prevent evasion of legal operation can only be used when the corporation demonstrates the alter ego doctrine.According to the alter ego doctrine, which allows personal liability of a corporate officer if the stockholders or the business itself fails to treat the entity as a corporation. There is no show up that Hildreth exercised such complete domination over HCE-NJ to conclude that the corporation had no separate mind, will or existence of its own. Conclusion Although the courts reversed their judgment in favor of Hildreth, I find that Hildreth did not act only as a shareholder, but also as a director and officer of the New Jersey corporation.It shows that there is a possibility for the alter ego doctrine to take place since Hildreth wasnt only a sharehol der, but also participated in the business transactions between HCE-NJ and Tidewater. With the legal obligation of the corporation to pay Tidewater, and this not being met, I find that it results in injustice and inequity between the parties. It would be unjust for Hildreth to be able to shield himself from the corporate obligations by using the corporate entity as a defense. Therefore, I affirm judgment from the earlier decision of the court, in favor of Tidewater.

How Is the Theme of Genocide Presented in Hotel Rwanda

The Official Oxford English dictionary defines genocide as the deliberate killing of a very(prenominal) large number of people from a particular ethnic group or nation. It as well as is say as a holocaust. Holocaust is the great or complete devastation or destruction or any mass slaughter or reckless destruction of life and it is norm in ally referred to the genocide of the Jews that happened during the stage of 1939 to 1945. The two genocide we argon focusing on are the genocide of the Jews during the second world struggle and the Rwandan genocide of the Tutsis in 1994.Directed by Terry George in Hotel Rwanda and Mark Herman in The Boy in Stripe Pyjamas, they pitch a similarity between the films they are both rated a 12 course one-time(a). Instead of recr take in the horrors of genocide in both films they use the naivety of a boy and the hope of option to present the story mentally. The difference between the films is the concomitant that one is a fictional representati on of a real event and another one is a true story recreated. The effect of this is to compare the feelings of mortal who actually been through a genocide and someone who have not been through this.Hotel Rwanda was released in 2004 and is ground on a true story ab aside the genocide of the Tutsis in 1994, it documents the life of Paul Rusesabagina during the effect he housed over a thousand refugees in his hotel Hotel Mille Collines. Directed by Terry George who is also the co-write of the carry and with Pauls help they manage to make the film as truthful as possible and changing few things as possible and they done this perfectly but also managed to avoid recreating the horror of the genocide and dogged the survivors again.Lasting further 100 days, over one million Tutsis and Hutus were brutally massacred. But despite the debut maintenance of ever Tutsi be rinsed issue, Paul managed to save 1268 Hutus and Tutsis. Two recurrent themes jump out from the movie. First, that everything has a price. Paul Rusesabagina pays for his families and neighbours freedom and life by bribing an army officer, even negotiating the price for each. He is open to leveraging beer and scotch for the hotel from the distributor, as long as he is resulting to pay the price demanded.He systematically bribes the army eneral for protection for the hotels occupants from the armed militia. And when the bribes run out, so does the protection. The second major theme is one of self-reliance, or absence of external help. Throughout the movie it is repeated that the West refuses to help or does not jimmy the Rwandans enough to intervene in the genocide. The Wests refusal to intervene is reden when the UN peacekeeping force has orders to not use their weapons. Its call forn in the size of the UN peacekeeping force, reduced to 260 men at the origination of the genocide and civil war in 1994.In the movie this last reduction proved a false hope for the survivors holed up in the hotel. UN reinforcements arrive, only to evacuate many UN peacekeepers and foreign citizens from Rwanda and the hotel, respectively. There is also an episode where certain Rwandans who have foreign connections are granted visas to leave the country because of the intervention of their friends. The contrast of this action to the Wests non-intervention is stark. Who you know becomes a factor in survival. The distributor where Paul purchases supplies is a member of the Hutu militia.But because he knows him and has had a business relationship with him for years, hes subject (at a price) to still secure supplies for the hotel residents. The film started with a filthy screen, this is to make the contemplateers think of a certain way abut what happened in Rwanda in 1994. This is a story about good verses evil. An sinister African voice in heard, in real life, it was a Belgian broadcaster called George Ruggiu, clearly the broadcaster of RTLM a Hutu extremist propaganda, broadcasting 24 hours a day. The voice is saying the Tutsis are coachroaches.The voice is black and cataclysm unfathomable, and the black screen underscores the evil mordantness of Africa and the evil notwithstanding to come. The voice of terror returns passim the film to haunt the innocent but terrified Tutsis, the effect is to make the audience fear, to experience what the Tutsis felt, the unvaried danger approaching. In the film, the good guys are the Tutsis, the victims of genocide. They arent he killers in the movie they were never the killers. The Interahamwe were portrayed as the violent killers and were responsible for the slaughter of one million Rwandans.Formed by groups of young Hutus, they together carried out the horrendous act. During the period of tension, before the genocide officially happened a lot of machetes were purchased from various places and prepared to wipe out the next generation of Tutsis. Vice President of the Interahamwe was George Rutaganda, he paid HIV infected men to rape the women and children in order to ensure that the next generation cannot at all exist, despite the fact that it was the Hutus destroying the Tutsis, the President of the Interahamwe, Robert Kajuga, is a Tutsi and helped to wipe out his own people.Majority of the time we were facial gestureing at Pauls vista as the camera looks over his shoulder and present to us what he is seeing. The music at nearly of the scenes was terrifying and dangerous, it portrayed danger and threat inside it, but when the scene with the orphans, the song shows hope, terror yet mixed up with light, brightness, new and fresh, the song is called A million Voices but it is quickly abandoned when the French s white-hairedier said No Rwandans it starts to get gloomy, cold, miserable and rains heavily.This film gives you alot of hope, but the hope quickly rattling(a) and broken into little pieces their hope of life. This is to make the audience value life and learn to respect and look after it, bu t also gives peaks of tension throughout the film, and making your terrified, yet so wanting to see the ending. At the end of the film, when the guerilla force is shown the rebels of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) they are rescuers. They are disciplined and organised.They kept a tidy United Nations face pack safety behind their lines. They dont kill nurses and charity workers or deprive children, and in the film they reconnect children to their families and gives them hope to live on. But the RPF were equally dehumanizing and vicious, but the film does not prescribe us this, both sides were fighting to wipe out their enemy, not to protect their kind. The theme of genocide is presented to you so it doesnt visually tell you the story they do that mentally.They paint you a picture throughout the film, the rapidly move darkness and pedigreeshed, but of course the glimmer of hope remains above it, the hope is Paul Rusesabagina (Played by Don Cheadle). He shines like a angel, thr oughout the film over 1200 refugees relied on him, when they have no where to go, he harbours them, when they have nothing to eat, they trust him to bring food back from the Interahamwe camp, when they need to bribe for protection, they gave him all their money to bribe for protection and police.He protects them with his life, and they think he is a great hero. The Boy in Striped Pyjamas was released in 2008 and directed by Mark Herman and written by John Boyne. It is about the Jewish Holocaust in 1939 to 1945, and is portrayed through the eyes of a native 8 year old boy who had his childhood innocence destroyed. To make the audience believe that a 8 year old boy didnt know why Jews were full-grown and how they corrupted German citizens was difficult especially when everyone were taught how Jews were so bad in the 1940s.But in conclusion childhood innocence can really portray this film successfully. It isnt further the physical descriptions of the two homes that create contrast. The way characters behave and react to events also adds atmosphere. In his Berlin house, Bruno can see far and wide and likes what he sees. But when he arrived at his new home, the camera burthen piece of cake up, making the house look intimidating and gloomy, a place where he is trapped without friends, so eventually he picked up the courage and went exploring before meeting Schmuel.Bruno first met him when he when he was bored and went out exploring, then he found this electric fence and saw Schmuel sitting their on his own, his first flick of him was a mixture of happiness and weariness. He wanted to become friends with him, and thinks hes extremely lucky to be able to play with friends and participate in a game, their numbers on their funny uniforms, but never will Bruno guess this is a concentration camp where people are brutally tortured and killed And his father is the commandant of this camp.After a few meetings with Schmuel he finally realises he is a Jew, and his tutor taught him Jews are the virtually horrible kind of people on earth, they corrupt our people and they are the culprit of making us lose the Great War with this he was terrified of Schmuel, he quickly made up a excuse to go and was horrified of befriending a Jew, especially when hes grown up being taught Jews are the pip race ever, and blonde hair, blue eyes are the superior race. But after considering what he is being taught over again, he quickly forgets the difference between them two and became friends again.He asked about the place where the steep smell came from, without realising it is a gas chamber, and nor did Schmuel know. During a regular release of German Propaganda film, Bruno happened to peek inside and view the video, after realising the supposingly good condition the camp was in he was extremely proud of his father, never did he know again that his father made the fake film, and is actually keeping the Jews weak and close to last before killing them. This shows he strongly believes in what he is shown, the naivety of the young boy.He presently forms a strong bond with Schmuel, they became good friends and thats what sent Bruno to his death. After Bruno died his father realises the terror and the pain of conditioned a family member or own child being gassed to death, he finally saw the blood on his hands and regrets it. During the last bit, when the picture of the door to the gas chamber expands out, it plays sad and gloomy, dark and lifeless music, the music sounds like a heartbeat, but soon ends and with the never ending room where they upchuck the pyjamas it shows us the amount of Jews they gassed.Both films featured alot of complex camera angles. For example, it pans into Brunos face when he saw the camp which he thought was a farm, this is to show his confusion off why the camp is in that respect it also let us view his emotions displayed on his face. Another scene is when Lieutenant Kotler goes vivid at Schmeul for eating a cake, th e camera is looking up to him to demonstrate Lieutenant Kotlers power and superiority over a little Jewish boy. This is to create utter fear and decreases our thoughts of a happy film.In Hotel Rwanda, some of the scenes that have this effect is the bit where Paul clambers out of the truck and is petrified to see the amount of bodies, the camera angle there stretches into his perspective and letting us see the countless amount of bodies they also have dislocated accouterments and bodily parts and blood in them the reason for this is to make us realise the horror and fear the reality of genocide. Another part in Hotel Rwanda is when a Hutu extremist climbs into the truck deporting Tutsis away they camera angle zooms in close to Pauls wife showing her fear and paralysed to do anything while being threatened by a machete.Although both these film portrayed a incredible sadness to them and a bit of blood, they are rated 12 because it doesnt actually show use anyone in the process of get ting killed. Both of the ending is disparate from one and another. In The Boy in The Striped Pyjamas it ended with despair and hopeless but in Hotel Rwanda it ended with sadness yet hidden there is a spark of hope and happiness. At the beginning of Hotel Rwanda it start with a black screen and a voice of terror speaking, and in The boy in the Striped pyjamas it start with the theme of childs innocence, both films started and ended dramatically different, creating a contrast.In conclusion I think Hotel Rwanda left a more distinctive image with me, as the sadness and hope sticks in my mind especially after they created this effect of hope rising and quickly distinguishing alot of times over a short time. The scenes in Hotel Rwanda that stands out is firstly the scene where he saw the bodies piled across the road and the whats calamity outside of the Hotel when they left to go to collect provisions.